Mirroring a Progressive Muslim Proselytizer: Considering How Whaley’s Unexpected Players Can Influence Influencers in Islamic Boarding School Communities
Abstract:
The late American deception scholar Barton Whaley completed an unpublished manuscript in 1980 that explored the influence of unexpected players in deception and information warfare. This relatively unknown Whaley typology of misperception provides a conceptual framework for considering how the introduction of unexpected players into difficult cultural environments, such as Islamic boarding school communities, can make friendly influencers appear more authentic. This ethnography of communication case study suggests that pairing an Other with a native influencer, however counterintuitive, influences audiences to form more authentic impressions of native influencers because the Other is so different.
AUTHORS
National Intelligence University
Bethesda, Maryland, United States
Tim Pappa is a certified former profiler with the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI) Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU-2), specializing in cyber deception and online influence. Currently, he designs cyber deception strategy and content development in the private sector. Pappa is also a Strategy and Statecraft Fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS).
Published In
Journal of Information Warfare
The definitive publication for the best and latest research and analysis on information warfare, information operations, and cyber crime. Available in traditional hard copy or online.
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